Ioannou, Andri, Scott W. Brown, and Anthony R. Artino. "Wikis and forums for collaborative problem-based activity: A systematic comparison of learners' interactions." The Internet and Higher Education 24 (2015): 35-45.

This experimental study compares the use of an enhanced wiki with discussion features versus a forum with attached MS Word documents for asynchronous collaboration among 34 online learners working in small groups. Using a counterbalanced within-subject design, the study conducts a systematic content analysis of learner interactions combined with visual analytical techniques. The results show that forums tend to expand discussions, while wikis condense information. Additionally, groups working in wikis exhibited more collaborative behavior, whereas groups using threaded discussions were more cooperative. These findings offer valuable insights for instructors utilizing wikis and forums in online courses to support collaborative problem-solving activities.