Pekkanen, Saadia M., Mireya Solís, and Saori N. Katada. "Trading gains for control: international trade forums and Japanese economic diplomacy." International Studies Quarterly 51.4 (2007): 945-970.

This paper explores why states engage in "forum-shopping" during economic liberalization, linking international trade forum design to domestic political dynamics. It argues that industrialized democratic states prioritize forums that provide greater control over liberalization processes to manage conflicting domestic interests. The analysis focuses on the tradeoff between the "gains dimension," which measures economic welfare increases from forum rules, and the "control dimension," which reflects a state's power to shape those rules. Japan serves as a case study to illustrate this gains-control tradeoff.