Nandi, Dip, Margaret Hamilton, and James Harland. "Evaluating the quality of interaction in asynchronous discussion forums in fully online courses." Distance education 33.1 (2012): 5-30.

This article investigates student engagement and the role of instructors in asynchronous discussion forums within fully online courses, focusing on two large computing subjects over two consecutive semesters. Using a grounded theory approach, the research analyzes discussion forum activities to determine what constitutes quality interaction according to students and instructors. The study's findings lead to the proposal of two frameworks designed to enhance effective online interaction in fully online learning environments.