Wenger, Etienne (1998). Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-66363-2.

Wenger (1998) introduces the concept of communities of practice (CoPs) as a way to understand how people develop expertise and share knowledge in a social context. The author defines CoPs as groups of people who share a common interest, engage in joint activities, and develop shared practices and resources. Wenger discusses the key elements of CoPs, such as domain, community, and practice, and provides examples of how CoPs operate in different contexts. The article emphasizes the importance of social learning and identity formation in CoPs and argues that CoPs can be used to promote innovation and organizational learning.